A pedestrian merging flow model for stair evacuation

Tomonori Sano; Enrico Ronchi; Yoshikazu Minegishi; Daniel Nilsson

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.02.008

A pedestrian merging flow model for stair evacuation

Tomonori Sano^*, Enrico Ronchi, Yoshikazu Minegishi, Daniel Nilsson

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Human Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Pedestrian merging flows on stairs are defined as the confluence of a flow of pedestrians from a stair and pedestrians from each floor of a multi-storey building. This paper introduces a novel simplified mathematical model for the calculation of evacuation times on stairs which takes into account the impact of merging flows. The model allows calculating the impact of merging ratio (people accessing the stair landing from the floor and from the stair) on pedestrian flows and evacuation times at each floor in congested situations. The assumptions and implementation of the model are presented. A hypothetical model case study of a 10-floor building evacuation is investigated, where the results of the new model are compared with the results of an evacuation simulation model using SimTread. Advantages and limitations of the new model in relation to the existing methods adopted for the simulation of merging flows on stairs are discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	77-89
Number of pages	13
Journal	Fire Safety Journal
Volume	89
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.02.008
Publication status	Published - 2017 Apr 1

Keywords

Building
Evacuation
Merging flows
Pedestrian
Simulation
Stairs

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Materials Science(all)
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.02.008

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title = "A pedestrian merging flow model for stair evacuation",

abstract = "Pedestrian merging flows on stairs are defined as the confluence of a flow of pedestrians from a stair and pedestrians from each floor of a multi-storey building. This paper introduces a novel simplified mathematical model for the calculation of evacuation times on stairs which takes into account the impact of merging flows. The model allows calculating the impact of merging ratio (people accessing the stair landing from the floor and from the stair) on pedestrian flows and evacuation times at each floor in congested situations. The assumptions and implementation of the model are presented. A hypothetical model case study of a 10-floor building evacuation is investigated, where the results of the new model are compared with the results of an evacuation simulation model using SimTread. Advantages and limitations of the new model in relation to the existing methods adopted for the simulation of merging flows on stairs are discussed.",

keywords = "Building, Evacuation, Merging flows, Pedestrian, Simulation, Stairs",

author = "Tomonori Sano and Enrico Ronchi and Yoshikazu Minegishi and Daniel Nilsson",

note = "Funding Information: A part of this work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research “KAKENHI” Grant no. 26420627. This work is also partially supported by the initiation grant “Evacuation in emergency situations” Dnr IB2016-6912 of the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd",

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doi = "10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.02.008",

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AU - Sano, Tomonori

AU - Ronchi, Enrico

AU - Minegishi, Yoshikazu

AU - Nilsson, Daniel

N1 - Funding Information: A part of this work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research “KAKENHI” Grant no. 26420627. This work is also partially supported by the initiation grant “Evacuation in emergency situations” Dnr IB2016-6912 of the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT). Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2017/4/1

Y1 - 2017/4/1

N2 - Pedestrian merging flows on stairs are defined as the confluence of a flow of pedestrians from a stair and pedestrians from each floor of a multi-storey building. This paper introduces a novel simplified mathematical model for the calculation of evacuation times on stairs which takes into account the impact of merging flows. The model allows calculating the impact of merging ratio (people accessing the stair landing from the floor and from the stair) on pedestrian flows and evacuation times at each floor in congested situations. The assumptions and implementation of the model are presented. A hypothetical model case study of a 10-floor building evacuation is investigated, where the results of the new model are compared with the results of an evacuation simulation model using SimTread. Advantages and limitations of the new model in relation to the existing methods adopted for the simulation of merging flows on stairs are discussed.

AB - Pedestrian merging flows on stairs are defined as the confluence of a flow of pedestrians from a stair and pedestrians from each floor of a multi-storey building. This paper introduces a novel simplified mathematical model for the calculation of evacuation times on stairs which takes into account the impact of merging flows. The model allows calculating the impact of merging ratio (people accessing the stair landing from the floor and from the stair) on pedestrian flows and evacuation times at each floor in congested situations. The assumptions and implementation of the model are presented. A hypothetical model case study of a 10-floor building evacuation is investigated, where the results of the new model are compared with the results of an evacuation simulation model using SimTread. Advantages and limitations of the new model in relation to the existing methods adopted for the simulation of merging flows on stairs are discussed.

KW - Building

KW - Evacuation

KW - Merging flows

KW - Pedestrian

KW - Simulation

KW - Stairs

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VL - 89

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JO - Fire Safety Journal

JF - Fire Safety Journal

ER -

A pedestrian merging flow model for stair evacuation

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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