Abstract
Five different compositions of mixed acidic PdCl2/SnCl2 catalysts for electroless plating were investigated mainly by electrochemical and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, and also by ultraviolet and visible photo-spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy. It is shown that the potential sweep technique using a catalyzed gold electrode in 1M HC1 yields voltammograms which depend upon the catalyst activity, and that this technique is applicable for simple diagnosis of the activity of mixed PdCl2/SnCl2 catalyst systems. It was found by transmission electron microscopy that large colloidal particles are required for high catalytic activities. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that these colloidal particles consist of a system in which Pd and Sn atoms have an interaction such as in Pd-Sn intermediates or alloys. The ratio of Pd/Sn after acceleration is not constant but depends on the catalyst activity. The accelerator (1M NH4BF4 or 1:1 HC1) not only removes Sn(iV) ions from the substrate but also causes coagulation of small particles adsorbed on the substrate, and these actions result in a drastic increase in the activity of low activity catalysts.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1021-1029 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of the Electrochemical Society |
| Volume | 127 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1980 |
Keywords
- XPS measurement
- electroless plating
- mixed PdCl2/SnCl2 catalyst
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Chemistry
