TY - GEN
T1 - A study on occupant kinematics behaviour and muscle activities during pre-impact braking based on volunteer tests
AU - Ejima, Susumu
AU - Ono, Koshiro
AU - Holcombe, Sven
AU - Kaneoka, Koji
AU - Fukushima, Makoto
PY - 2007/12/1
Y1 - 2007/12/1
N2 - The objective of the current study is to analyze the influence of changes of the physical motion on human body under low-level impact accelerations. Five human volunteers in good health participated in the experiment under the supervision of an ethics committee. Each subject sat on a seat mounted on the sled that glided forward on the rails and simulated actual car motion when the passenger applied the emergency brake. Applied acceleration was around 1.0 g. During the experiments, the physical motion (measured by three-dimensional motion capturing system), acceleration, and EMG signals were recorded. In the relaxed case, muscle responses were observed to start activating at around 100ms after the impact, when the pelvis acceleration was at its peak value due to the interaction between the lumbar spine and the seat. Depending on the location within the body, the reflex time of each muscle is different. Furthermore, the head-neck-torso accelerations were strongly influenced by the muscle activities after impact. These results can contribute in clarifying the relationship between the physical motion and muscle forces with respect to the difference in activation level of muscles. This study was also design to establish an injury prediction approach to verify the influence of human body posture changes just before impact on the occupant injuries in a traffic accident.
AB - The objective of the current study is to analyze the influence of changes of the physical motion on human body under low-level impact accelerations. Five human volunteers in good health participated in the experiment under the supervision of an ethics committee. Each subject sat on a seat mounted on the sled that glided forward on the rails and simulated actual car motion when the passenger applied the emergency brake. Applied acceleration was around 1.0 g. During the experiments, the physical motion (measured by three-dimensional motion capturing system), acceleration, and EMG signals were recorded. In the relaxed case, muscle responses were observed to start activating at around 100ms after the impact, when the pelvis acceleration was at its peak value due to the interaction between the lumbar spine and the seat. Depending on the location within the body, the reflex time of each muscle is different. Furthermore, the head-neck-torso accelerations were strongly influenced by the muscle activities after impact. These results can contribute in clarifying the relationship between the physical motion and muscle forces with respect to the difference in activation level of muscles. This study was also design to establish an injury prediction approach to verify the influence of human body posture changes just before impact on the occupant injuries in a traffic accident.
KW - Effect of muscles
KW - Impact biomechanics
KW - Low-speed front impact
KW - Pre-braking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956542331&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77956542331&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:77956542331
SN - 2951421087
SN - 9782951421080
T3 - International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury - 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury, Proceedings
SP - 31
EP - 45
BT - International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury - 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury, Proceedings
T2 - 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury
Y2 - 19 September 2007 through 21 September 2007
ER -
