TY - JOUR
T1 - Antigen tests for COVID-19
AU - Kyosei, Yuta
AU - Yamura, Sou
AU - Namba, Mayuri
AU - Yoshimura, Teruki
AU - Watabe, Satoshi
AU - Ito, Etsuro
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partly supported by the Waseda University grants for Specific Research Projects (grant numbers 2017A-015 and 2019C-123) and the A-STEP Program from JST (grant number AS3015096U).
Funding Information:
We appreciate the support from the both Editorial Boards of SEIBUTSU BUTSURI and Biophysics and Physicobiology.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 THE BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - PCR diagnosis has been considered as the gold standard for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other many diseases. However, there are many problems in using PCR, such as non-specific (i.e., false-positive) and false-negative amplifications, the limits of a target sample volume, deactivation of the enzymes used, complicated techniques, difficulty in designing probe sequences, and the expense. We, thus, need an alternative to PCR, for example an ultrasensitive antigen test. In the present review, we summarize the following three topics. (1) The problems of PCR are outlined. (2) The antigen tests are surveyed in the literature that was published in 2020, and their pros and cons are discussed for commercially available antigen tests. (3) Our own antigen test on the basis of an ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is introduced. Finally, we discuss the possibility that our antigen test by an ultrasensitive ELISA technique will become the gold standard for diagnosis of COVID-19 and other diseases.
AB - PCR diagnosis has been considered as the gold standard for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other many diseases. However, there are many problems in using PCR, such as non-specific (i.e., false-positive) and false-negative amplifications, the limits of a target sample volume, deactivation of the enzymes used, complicated techniques, difficulty in designing probe sequences, and the expense. We, thus, need an alternative to PCR, for example an ultrasensitive antigen test. In the present review, we summarize the following three topics. (1) The problems of PCR are outlined. (2) The antigen tests are surveyed in the literature that was published in 2020, and their pros and cons are discussed for commercially available antigen tests. (3) Our own antigen test on the basis of an ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is introduced. Finally, we discuss the possibility that our antigen test by an ultrasensitive ELISA technique will become the gold standard for diagnosis of COVID-19 and other diseases.
KW - COVID-19
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - antigen test
KW - real-time PCR
KW - ultrasensitive ELISA
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U2 - 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v18.004
DO - 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v18.004
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85131026727
SN - 1349-2942
VL - 18
SP - 28
EP - 39
JO - Biophysics and physicobiology
JF - Biophysics and physicobiology
ER -