Chaotic dynamics in biological information processing: Revisiting and revealing its logic (a mini-review).

The role of chaos in biological information processing has been established as an important breakthrough of nonlinear dynamics, after the early pioneering work of J.S. Nicolis and notably in neuroscience by the work of Walter J. Freeman and co-workers spanning more than three decades. In this work we revisit the subject and we further focus on novel results that reveal its underlying logical structure when faced with the cognition of ambiguous stimuli. We demonstrate, by utilizing a minimal model for apprehension and judgement related to Bayesian updating, that the fundamental characteristics of a biological processor obey in this case an extended, non-Boolean, logic which is characterized as a quantum logic. And we realize that in its essence the role of chaos in biological information processing accounts for, and is fully compatible with, the logic of “quantum cognition” in psychology and neuroscience.