Characterisation of bacteria representing a novel Nitrosomonas clade: Physiology, genomics and distribution of missing ammonia oxidizer

Shuta Kikuchi, Hirotsugu Fujitani, Kento Ishii, Rino Isshiki, Yuji Sekiguchi, Satoshi Tsuneda*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Members of the genus Nitrosomonas are major ammonia oxidizers that catalyse the first step of nitrification in various ecosystems. To date, six subgenus-level clades have been identified. We have previously isolated novel ammonia oxidizers from an additional clade (unclassified cluster 1) of the genus Nitrosomonas. In this study, we report unique physiological and genomic properties of the strain PY1, compared with representative ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB). The apparent half-saturation constant for total ammonia nitrogen and maximum velocity of strain PY1 were 57.9 ± 4.8 μM NH3 + NH4+ and 18.5 ± 1.8 μmol N (mg protein)−1 h−1, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on genomic information revealed that strain PY1 belongs to a novel clade of the Nitrosomonas genus. Although PY1 contained genes to withstand oxidative stress, cell growth of PY1 required catalase to scavenge hydrogen peroxide. Environmental distribution analysis revealed that the novel clade containing PY1-like sequences is predominant in oligotrophic freshwater. Taken together, the strain PY1 had a longer generation time, higher yield and required reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers to oxidize ammonia, compared with known AOB. These findings expand our knowledge of the ecophysiology and genomic diversity of ammonia-oxidising Nitrosomonas.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)404-416
Number of pages13
JournalEnvironmental Microbiology Reports
Volume15
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023 Oct

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
  • Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

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