Development of finite element human neck muscle model based on the medical image data

This study involves the generation, validation, and evaluation of the finite element muscle model of the human neck, with a long-term goal of predicting the cervical spine motion. The neck muscle model was developed from cross-sectional slice picture data of the human neck employing image-based techniques. This was then adapted to a finite element model of the muscular system, and was integrated into an existing finite element skeletal structure. The integrated finite element model was validated against the data obtained from the low-speed rear-end impact volunteer tests. The primary criteria used for validation were head center of gravity angular displacement and acceleration, and were found to each comply appropriately. Using the validated model, the forces and stresses induced in each of the key neck muscle during the rear impact simulation were recorded, and the influence of the muscles on the cervical vertebra motions was also identified. These results highlight the benefits of muscle-based neck model for investigating the local motion of the neck, and the effect of these local motions on minor neck injuries. By using image-based approach, basic geometry of soft tissues like muscles is measured and collected for the definition of active muscle force.