TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of different temperatures of carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks on gastric emptying rate after exercise in healthy young men
T2 - randomized crossover trial
AU - Fujihira, Kyoko
AU - Takahashi, Masaki
AU - Shimamura, Kei
AU - Hayashi, Naoyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21K17580, and the Urakami Foundation for Food and Food Culture Promotion to KF.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: The present study examined the effects of different temperatures of carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise on the subsequent gastric emptying rate in healthy young men. Methods: Twelve healthy young men completed two, 1-day trials in random order. In both trials, the participants completed intermittent cycling exercise for 20 min, consisting of a 120% heart rate peak for 20 s, followed by 25 W for 40 s. Participants consumed 400 mL of carbohydrate-protein-containing drink (0.85 MJ) at 4 °C (EX + 4 °C) or 60 °C (EX + 60 °C) over a 5-min period after exercise. The participants sat on a chair for 2.5 h to measure their gastric emptying rate using the 13C-sodium acetate breath test. Subjective feelings of gastrointestinal discomfort and appetite were measured using a visual analog scale. Interstitial fluid glucose levels after drinking were measured using a continuous glucose-monitoring device. Results: The percentage excretion of 13CO2 tended to be higher at EX + 60 °C than at EX + 4 °C from the start of the test until 30 min after drink ingestion (5.7 ± 0.5 vs. 6.5 ± 0.4%dose/h for the EX + 4 °C and EX + 60 °C trials, respectively; effect sizes [ES] = 0.277, p = 0.065). The time of maximum 13CO2 emissions per hour (Tmax-calc) and the time of half 13CO2 emissions per hour (T1/2) did not differ between trials. Subjective gastrointestinal discomfort was lower at EX + 60 °C compared to EX + 4 °C (ES = 0.328, p = 0.041). There were no significant differences in interstitial fluid glucose levels between the different temperatures of carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise (p = 0.698). Conclusions: Consumption of warm carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise may accelerate gastric emptying in the very early phase and may reduce gastric discomfort. Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network, UMIN000045626. Registered on June 10, 2021.
AB - Background: The present study examined the effects of different temperatures of carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise on the subsequent gastric emptying rate in healthy young men. Methods: Twelve healthy young men completed two, 1-day trials in random order. In both trials, the participants completed intermittent cycling exercise for 20 min, consisting of a 120% heart rate peak for 20 s, followed by 25 W for 40 s. Participants consumed 400 mL of carbohydrate-protein-containing drink (0.85 MJ) at 4 °C (EX + 4 °C) or 60 °C (EX + 60 °C) over a 5-min period after exercise. The participants sat on a chair for 2.5 h to measure their gastric emptying rate using the 13C-sodium acetate breath test. Subjective feelings of gastrointestinal discomfort and appetite were measured using a visual analog scale. Interstitial fluid glucose levels after drinking were measured using a continuous glucose-monitoring device. Results: The percentage excretion of 13CO2 tended to be higher at EX + 60 °C than at EX + 4 °C from the start of the test until 30 min after drink ingestion (5.7 ± 0.5 vs. 6.5 ± 0.4%dose/h for the EX + 4 °C and EX + 60 °C trials, respectively; effect sizes [ES] = 0.277, p = 0.065). The time of maximum 13CO2 emissions per hour (Tmax-calc) and the time of half 13CO2 emissions per hour (T1/2) did not differ between trials. Subjective gastrointestinal discomfort was lower at EX + 60 °C compared to EX + 4 °C (ES = 0.328, p = 0.041). There were no significant differences in interstitial fluid glucose levels between the different temperatures of carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise (p = 0.698). Conclusions: Consumption of warm carbohydrate-protein-containing drinks after exercise may accelerate gastric emptying in the very early phase and may reduce gastric discomfort. Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network, UMIN000045626. Registered on June 10, 2021.
KW - C breath test
KW - Drink temperature
KW - Exercise
KW - Gastric emptying
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U2 - 10.1186/s40101-022-00311-2
DO - 10.1186/s40101-022-00311-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 36284342
AN - SCOPUS:85140412617
SN - 1880-6791
VL - 41
JO - Journal of physiological anthropology
JF - Journal of physiological anthropology
IS - 1
M1 - 37
ER -