Exponential decay of solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations with potentials

Exponential decay estimates are obtained for complex-valued solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations in ℝⁿ, where the linear term is given by Schrödinger operators H = - Δ + V with nonnegative potentials V and the nonlinear term is given by a single power with subcritical Sobolev exponent in the attractive case. We describe specific rates of decay in terms of V, some of which are shown to be optimal. Moreover, our estimates provide a unified understanding of two distinct cases in the available literature, namely, the vanishing potential case V = 0 and the harmonic potential case V(x) = |x|².