TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors associated with reversals of COVID-19 vaccination willingness
T2 - Results from two longitudinal, national surveys in Japan 2021-2022
AU - Ghaznavi, Cyrus
AU - Yoneoka, Daisuke
AU - Kawashima, Takayuki
AU - Eguchi, Akifumi
AU - Murakami, Michio
AU - Gilmour, Stuart
AU - Kaneko, Satoshi
AU - Kunishima, Hiroyuki
AU - Naito, Wataru
AU - Sakamoto, Haruka
AU - Maruyama-Sakurai, Keiko
AU - Takahashi, Arata
AU - Takayama, Yoshihiro
AU - Tanoue, Yuta
AU - Yamamoto, Yoshiko
AU - Yasutaka, Tetsuo
AU - Miyata, Hiroaki
AU - Nomura, Shuhei
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the Japan Epidemiological Association and the Japanese Society of Infectious Diseases as well as those involved in the COVID-19 Information Value Improvement and Link project (CIVIL project) for supervising the questionnaires. The present work was supported in part by a grant from the Kanagawa Prefectural Government of Japan and by AIST government subsidies. The funding source of this study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors.
Funding Information:
We would like to thank the Japan Epidemiological Association and the Japanese Society of Infectious Diseases as well as those involved in the COVID-19 Information Value Improvement and Link project (CIVIL project) for supervising the questionnaires. The present work was supported in part by a grant from the Kanagawa Prefectural Government of Japan and by AIST government subsidies. The funding source of this study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors.
Funding Information:
Arata Takahashi and Hiroaki Miyata are affiliated with the Department of Healthcare Quality Assessment at The University of Tokyo. The department is a social collaboration department supported by grants from the National Clinical Database, Johnson & Johnson K.K., and Nipro Co. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Background: Research characterizing changes of heart with respect to vaccine intention is scarce, and very little research considers those who were initially vaccine willing but became hesitant. Here, we sought to assess the factors related to reversals of vaccine willingness. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal, national survey on vaccination intention among Japanese adults aged 20 years or older, with the first questionnaire performed in February-March 2021 (N = 30,053) and the follow-up in February 2022 (N = 19,195, response rate 63.9%). The study population comprised those who reported vaccine willingness in the first survey, with the outcome variable being development of vaccine hesitancy at follow-up. We performed a regression analysis of vaccination status using sociodemographic, health-related, psychologic/attitudinal, and information-related variables as predictors. We used the sparse group minimax concave penalty (MCP) to select the optimum group of covariates for the logistic regression. Findings: Of 11,118 (57.9%) respondents who previously expressed interest in vaccination, 10,684 (96.1%) and 434 (3.9%) were in the vaccine willing and hesitant groups, respectively. Several covariates were found to significantly predict vaccine hesitancy, including marital status, influenza vaccine history, COVID-19 infection/testing history, engagement in COVID-19 preventive measures, perceived risks/benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitudes regarding vaccination policies and norms. The use of certain information sources was also associated with vaccine hesitancy. Interpretation: Sociodemographic, health-related, psychologic/attitudinal, and information-related variables predicted the development of vaccine hesitancy among those with prior willingness. Most of these predictors were also associated with vaccination status. Funding: The present work was supported in part by a grant from the Kanagawa Prefectural Government of Japan and by AIST government subsidies.
AB - Background: Research characterizing changes of heart with respect to vaccine intention is scarce, and very little research considers those who were initially vaccine willing but became hesitant. Here, we sought to assess the factors related to reversals of vaccine willingness. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal, national survey on vaccination intention among Japanese adults aged 20 years or older, with the first questionnaire performed in February-March 2021 (N = 30,053) and the follow-up in February 2022 (N = 19,195, response rate 63.9%). The study population comprised those who reported vaccine willingness in the first survey, with the outcome variable being development of vaccine hesitancy at follow-up. We performed a regression analysis of vaccination status using sociodemographic, health-related, psychologic/attitudinal, and information-related variables as predictors. We used the sparse group minimax concave penalty (MCP) to select the optimum group of covariates for the logistic regression. Findings: Of 11,118 (57.9%) respondents who previously expressed interest in vaccination, 10,684 (96.1%) and 434 (3.9%) were in the vaccine willing and hesitant groups, respectively. Several covariates were found to significantly predict vaccine hesitancy, including marital status, influenza vaccine history, COVID-19 infection/testing history, engagement in COVID-19 preventive measures, perceived risks/benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitudes regarding vaccination policies and norms. The use of certain information sources was also associated with vaccine hesitancy. Interpretation: Sociodemographic, health-related, psychologic/attitudinal, and information-related variables predicted the development of vaccine hesitancy among those with prior willingness. Most of these predictors were also associated with vaccination status. Funding: The present work was supported in part by a grant from the Kanagawa Prefectural Government of Japan and by AIST government subsidies.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Japan
KW - Vaccination
KW - Vaccine
KW - Vaccine hesitancy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100540
DO - 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100540
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85140083687
SN - 2666-6065
VL - 27
JO - The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific
JF - The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific
M1 - 100540
ER -