TY - JOUR
T1 - Hormone and oxidative stress response during recovery on normoxia after hypoxic resistance exercise
AU - Fujii, Ryosuke
AU - Nakamura, Nobuhiro
AU - Kawamura, Takuji
AU - Muraoka, Isao
N1 - Funding Information:
authors acknowledge Editage for editing the English language. The authors also acknowledge Isao Muraoka who served as scientific advisor, and Nobuhiro Nakamura and Takuji Kawamura for helping with data collection.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - BACKGROUND: Various studies have been conducted on resistance exercise in a hypoxic environment. However, there are no studies examining differences in the recovery process environment. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exposure to a normoxic environment after hypoxic resistance exercise on hormone and oxidative stress responses. METHODS: Eight male subjects performed the following trials: 1) resistance exercise and recovery under a normoxic environment (NN); 2) resistance exercise and recovery under a hypoxic environment (HH); and 3) resistance exercise under a hypoxic environment and recovery under a normoxic environment (HN). Before and after exercise, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood lactate, growth hormone (GH), testosterone (TE), cortisol, malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonylated protein (PC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. RESUlTS: SpO2 showed significantly lower values after resistance exercise in the HH and HN trials compared to the NN trial. Blood lactate and GH concentrations were significantly higher after exercise in all trials, but there was no difference among the trials. TE showed significantly higher values immediately after exercise, but there was no difference among the trials. Cortisol was significantly higher in the recovery phase compared to pre-exercise, and significantly higher in the HH and HN trials (P<0.05) than in the NN trial. PC and TAC did not change significantly. MDA showed a significantly lower value at 30 minutes post-exercise (P<0.05) compared to before exercise. CONClUSIONS: This study suggested that exposure to a normoxic environment after the end of hypoxic resistance exercise does not affect the hormonal and oxidative stress responses in blood.
AB - BACKGROUND: Various studies have been conducted on resistance exercise in a hypoxic environment. However, there are no studies examining differences in the recovery process environment. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exposure to a normoxic environment after hypoxic resistance exercise on hormone and oxidative stress responses. METHODS: Eight male subjects performed the following trials: 1) resistance exercise and recovery under a normoxic environment (NN); 2) resistance exercise and recovery under a hypoxic environment (HH); and 3) resistance exercise under a hypoxic environment and recovery under a normoxic environment (HN). Before and after exercise, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood lactate, growth hormone (GH), testosterone (TE), cortisol, malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonylated protein (PC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. RESUlTS: SpO2 showed significantly lower values after resistance exercise in the HH and HN trials compared to the NN trial. Blood lactate and GH concentrations were significantly higher after exercise in all trials, but there was no difference among the trials. TE showed significantly higher values immediately after exercise, but there was no difference among the trials. Cortisol was significantly higher in the recovery phase compared to pre-exercise, and significantly higher in the HH and HN trials (P<0.05) than in the NN trial. PC and TAC did not change significantly. MDA showed a significantly lower value at 30 minutes post-exercise (P<0.05) compared to before exercise. CONClUSIONS: This study suggested that exposure to a normoxic environment after the end of hypoxic resistance exercise does not affect the hormonal and oxidative stress responses in blood.
KW - Hormones
KW - Hypoxia
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Resistance training
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U2 - 10.23736/S0393-3660.21.04591-5
DO - 10.23736/S0393-3660.21.04591-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85142294989
SN - 0393-3660
VL - 181
SP - 432
EP - 438
JO - Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche
JF - Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche
IS - 6
ER -