Language service composition based on higher order functions

To support multi-language activities, various composite services are created by a service composition that combines existing services or changes the combination of services composed by existing composite services. Multi-language activities have a wide variety of domains and their needs may change with the participants or situations, so service composition must be able to freely create various services to suit the languages of the participants and/or domains of the activity targets. Since existing service composition technologies relies on the deployment process of created composite services toward service infrastructure for users to find and execute them, delay and costs are expensive. To solve this problem, we propose a method that introduces the concept of higher order functions. In concrete, we regard services as functions and pass the functions invoked from composite services as runtime parameters of composite services to compose services without any deployment processes, this yields service composition that can efficiently support multi-language activities. We apply the proposals to Language Grid, designed to gather and provide language services, and evaluate the results. They show that our proposals can create various composite services at runtime with quite practical overheads.