New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment

H. Tokuno; Y. Tameda; M. Takeda; K. Kadota; D. Ikeda; M. Chikawa; T. Fujii; M. Fukushima; K. Honda; N. Inoue; F. Kakimoto; S. Kawana; E. Kido; J. N. Matthews; T. Nonaka; S. Ogio; S. Okuda; Shunsuke Ozawa; H. Sagawa; N. Sakurai; T. Shibata; A. Taketa; S. B. Thomas; T. Tomida; Y. Tsunesada; S. Udo; T. Abu-Zayyad; R. Aida; M. Allen; R. Anderson; R. Azuma; E. Barcikowski; J. W. Belz; D. R. Bergman; S. A. Blake; R. Cady; B. G. Cheon; J. Chiba; E. J. Cho; W. R. Cho; H. Fujii; T. Fukuda; D. Gorbunov; W. Hanlon; K. Hayashi; Y. Hayashi; N. Hayashida; K. Hibino; K. Hiyama; T. Iguchi; K. Ikuta; T. Ishii; R. Ishimori; D. Ivanov; S. Iwamoto; C. C H Jui; O. Kalashev; T. Kanbe; K. Kasahara; H. Kawai; S. Kawakami; H. B. Kim; H. K. Kim; J. H. Kim; J. H. Kim; K. Kitamoto; K. Kobayashi; Y. Kobayashi; Y. Kondo; K. Kuramoto; V. Kuzmin; Y. J. Kwon; S. I. Lim; S. MacHida; K. Martens; J. Martineau; T. Matsuda; T. Matsuura; T. Matsuyama; I. Myers; M. Minamino; K. Miyata; H. Miyauchi; Y. Murano; T. Nakamura; S. W. Nam; M. Ohnishi; H. Ohoka; K. Oki; D. Oku; A. Oshima; I. H. Park; M. S. Pshirkov; D. Rodriguez; S. Y. Roh; G. Rubtsov; D. Ryu; A. L. Sampson; L. M. Scott; P. D. Shah; F. Shibata; H. Shimodaira; B. K. Shin; J. I. Shin; T. Shirahama; J. D. Smith; P. Sokolsky; T. J. Sonley; R. W. Springer; B. T. Stokes; S. R. Stratton; T. Stroman; S. Suzuki; Y. Takahashi; M. Takita; H. Tanaka; K. Tanaka; M. Tanaka; G. B. Thomson; P. Tinyakov; I. Tkachev; S. Troitsky; K. Tsutsumi; Y. Tsuyuguchi; Y. Uchihori; H. Ukai; G. Vasiloff; Y. Wada; T. Wong; M. Wood; Y. Yamakawa; H. Yamaoka; K. Yamazaki; J. Yang; S. Yoshida; H. Yoshii; R. Zollinger; Z. Zundel

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment

H. Tokuno^*, Y. Tameda, M. Takeda, K. Kadota, D. Ikeda, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, M. Fukushima, K. Honda, N. Inoue, F. Kakimoto, S. Kawana, E. Kido, J. N. Matthews, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, S. Okuda, Shunsuke Ozawa, H. Sagawa, N. SakuraiT. Shibata, A. Taketa, S. B. Thomas, T. Tomida, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, T. Abu-Zayyad, R. Aida, M. Allen, R. Anderson, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, E. J. Cho, W. R. Cho, H. Fujii, T. Fukuda, D. Gorbunov, W. Hanlon, K. Hayashi, Y. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, K. Hiyama, T. Iguchi, K. Ikuta, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, D. Ivanov, S. Iwamoto, C. C H Jui, O. Kalashev, T. Kanbe, K. Kasahara, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, H. B. Kim, H. K. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, K. Kitamoto, K. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kondo, K. Kuramoto, V. Kuzmin, Y. J. Kwon, S. I. Lim, S. MacHida, K. Martens, J. Martineau, T. Matsuda, T. Matsuura, T. Matsuyama, I. Myers, M. Minamino, K. Miyata, H. Miyauchi, Y. Murano, T. Nakamura, S. W. Nam, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, K. Oki, D. Oku, A. Oshima, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, D. Rodriguez, S. Y. Roh, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, A. L. Sampson, L. M. Scott, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, J. I. Shin, T. Shirahama, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, T. J. Sonley, R. W. Springer, B. T. Stokes, S. R. Stratton, T. Stroman, S. Suzuki, Y. Takahashi, M. Takita, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, S. Troitsky, K. Tsutsumi, Y. Tsuyuguchi, Y. Uchihori, H. Ukai, G. Vasiloff, Y. Wada, T. Wong, M. Wood, Y. Yamakawa, H. Yamaoka, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, S. Yoshida, H. Yoshii, R. Zollinger, Z. Zundel

^*Corresponding author for this work

Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

234 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	54-65
Number of pages	12
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	676
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044
Publication status	Published - 2012 Jun 1

Keywords

Air fluorescence light detectors
Extensive air showers
Ultra high energy cosmic rays

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation
Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

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Tokuno, H., Tameda, Y., Takeda, M., Kadota, K., Ikeda, D., Chikawa, M., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Honda, K., Inoue, N., Kakimoto, F., Kawana, S., Kido, E., Matthews, J. N., Nonaka, T., Ogio, S., Okuda, S., Ozawa, S., Sagawa, H., ... Zundel, Z. (2012). New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 676, 54-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

Tokuno, H, Tameda, Y, Takeda, M, Kadota, K, Ikeda, D, Chikawa, M, Fujii, T, Fukushima, M, Honda, K, Inoue, N, Kakimoto, F, Kawana, S, Kido, E, Matthews, JN, Nonaka, T, Ogio, S, Okuda, S, Ozawa, S, Sagawa, H, Sakurai, N, Shibata, T, Taketa, A, Thomas, SB, Tomida, T, Tsunesada, Y, Udo, S, Abu-Zayyad, T, Aida, R, Allen, M, Anderson, R, Azuma, R, Barcikowski, E, Belz, JW, Bergman, DR, Blake, SA, Cady, R, Cheon, BG, Chiba, J, Cho, EJ, Cho, WR, Fujii, H, Fukuda, T, Gorbunov, D, Hanlon, W, Hayashi, K, Hayashi, Y, Hayashida, N, Hibino, K, Hiyama, K, Iguchi, T, Ikuta, K, Ishii, T, Ishimori, R, Ivanov, D, Iwamoto, S, Jui, CCH, Kalashev, O, Kanbe, T, Kasahara, K, Kawai, H, Kawakami, S, Kim, HB, Kim, HK, Kim, JH, Kim, JH, Kitamoto, K, Kobayashi, K, Kobayashi, Y, Kondo, Y, Kuramoto, K, Kuzmin, V, Kwon, YJ, Lim, SI, MacHida, S, Martens, K, Martineau, J, Matsuda, T, Matsuura, T, Matsuyama, T, Myers, I, Minamino, M, Miyata, K, Miyauchi, H, Murano, Y, Nakamura, T, Nam, SW, Ohnishi, M, Ohoka, H, Oki, K, Oku, D, Oshima, A, Park, IH, Pshirkov, MS, Rodriguez, D, Roh, SY, Rubtsov, G, Ryu, D, Sampson, AL, Scott, LM, Shah, PD, Shibata, F, Shimodaira, H, Shin, BK, Shin, JI, Shirahama, T, Smith, JD, Sokolsky, P, Sonley, TJ, Springer, RW, Stokes, BT, Stratton, SR, Stroman, T, Suzuki, S, Takahashi, Y, Takita, M, Tanaka, H, Tanaka, K, Tanaka, M, Thomson, GB, Tinyakov, P, Tkachev, I, Troitsky, S, Tsutsumi, K, Tsuyuguchi, Y, Uchihori, Y, Ukai, H, Vasiloff, G, Wada, Y, Wong, T, Wood, M, Yamakawa, Y, Yamaoka, H, Yamazaki, K, Yang, J, Yoshida, S, Yoshii, H, Zollinger, R & Zundel, Z 2012, 'New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 676, pp. 54-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

@article{278fd40f9dce447bb7cea12db399c16a,

title = "New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment",

abstract = "Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.",

keywords = "Air fluorescence light detectors, Extensive air showers, Ultra high energy cosmic rays",

author = "H. Tokuno and Y. Tameda and M. Takeda and K. Kadota and D. Ikeda and M. Chikawa and T. Fujii and M. Fukushima and K. Honda and N. Inoue and F. Kakimoto and S. Kawana and E. Kido and Matthews, {J. N.} and T. Nonaka and S. Ogio and S. Okuda and Shunsuke Ozawa and H. Sagawa and N. Sakurai and T. Shibata and A. Taketa and Thomas, {S. B.} and T. Tomida and Y. Tsunesada and S. Udo and T. Abu-Zayyad and R. Aida and M. Allen and R. Anderson and R. Azuma and E. Barcikowski and Belz, {J. W.} and Bergman, {D. R.} and Blake, {S. A.} and R. Cady and Cheon, {B. G.} and J. Chiba and Cho, {E. J.} and Cho, {W. R.} and H. Fujii and T. Fukuda and D. Gorbunov and W. Hanlon and K. Hayashi and Y. Hayashi and N. Hayashida and K. Hibino and K. Hiyama and T. Iguchi and K. Ikuta and T. Ishii and R. Ishimori and D. Ivanov and S. Iwamoto and Jui, {C. C H} and O. Kalashev and T. Kanbe and K. Kasahara and H. Kawai and S. Kawakami and Kim, {H. B.} and Kim, {H. K.} and Kim, {J. H.} and Kim, {J. H.} and K. Kitamoto and K. Kobayashi and Y. Kobayashi and Y. Kondo and K. Kuramoto and V. Kuzmin and Kwon, {Y. J.} and Lim, {S. I.} and S. MacHida and K. Martens and J. Martineau and T. Matsuda and T. Matsuura and T. Matsuyama and I. Myers and M. Minamino and K. Miyata and H. Miyauchi and Y. Murano and T. Nakamura and Nam, {S. W.} and M. Ohnishi and H. Ohoka and K. Oki and D. Oku and A. Oshima and Park, {I. H.} and Pshirkov, {M. S.} and D. Rodriguez and Roh, {S. Y.} and G. Rubtsov and D. Ryu and Sampson, {A. L.} and Scott, {L. M.} and Shah, {P. D.} and F. Shibata and H. Shimodaira and Shin, {B. K.} and Shin, {J. I.} and T. Shirahama and Smith, {J. D.} and P. Sokolsky and Sonley, {T. J.} and Springer, {R. W.} and Stokes, {B. T.} and Stratton, {S. R.} and T. Stroman and S. Suzuki and Y. Takahashi and M. Takita and H. Tanaka and K. Tanaka and M. Tanaka and Thomson, {G. B.} and P. Tinyakov and I. Tkachev and S. Troitsky and K. Tsutsumi and Y. Tsuyuguchi and Y. Uchihori and H. Ukai and G. Vasiloff and Y. Wada and T. Wong and M. Wood and Y. Yamakawa and H. Yamaoka and K. Yamazaki and J. Yang and S. Yoshida and H. Yoshii and R. Zollinger and Z. Zundel",

year = "2012",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044",

language = "English",

volume = "676",

pages = "54--65",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment

AU - Tokuno, H.

AU - Tameda, Y.

AU - Takeda, M.

AU - Kadota, K.

AU - Ikeda, D.

AU - Chikawa, M.

AU - Fujii, T.

AU - Fukushima, M.

AU - Honda, K.

AU - Inoue, N.

AU - Kakimoto, F.

AU - Kawana, S.

AU - Kido, E.

AU - Matthews, J. N.

AU - Nonaka, T.

AU - Ogio, S.

AU - Okuda, S.

AU - Ozawa, Shunsuke

AU - Sagawa, H.

AU - Sakurai, N.

AU - Shibata, T.

AU - Taketa, A.

AU - Thomas, S. B.

AU - Tomida, T.

AU - Tsunesada, Y.

AU - Udo, S.

AU - Abu-Zayyad, T.

AU - Aida, R.

AU - Allen, M.

AU - Anderson, R.

AU - Azuma, R.

AU - Barcikowski, E.

AU - Belz, J. W.

AU - Bergman, D. R.

AU - Blake, S. A.

AU - Cady, R.

AU - Cheon, B. G.

AU - Chiba, J.

AU - Cho, E. J.

AU - Cho, W. R.

AU - Fujii, H.

AU - Fukuda, T.

AU - Gorbunov, D.

AU - Hanlon, W.

AU - Hayashi, K.

AU - Hayashi, Y.

AU - Hayashida, N.

AU - Hibino, K.

AU - Hiyama, K.

AU - Iguchi, T.

AU - Ikuta, K.

AU - Ishii, T.

AU - Ishimori, R.

AU - Ivanov, D.

AU - Iwamoto, S.

AU - Jui, C. C H

AU - Kalashev, O.

AU - Kanbe, T.

AU - Kasahara, K.

AU - Kawai, H.

AU - Kawakami, S.

AU - Kim, H. B.

AU - Kim, H. K.

AU - Kim, J. H.

AU - Kitamoto, K.

AU - Kobayashi, K.

AU - Kobayashi, Y.

AU - Kondo, Y.

AU - Kuramoto, K.

AU - Kuzmin, V.

AU - Kwon, Y. J.

AU - Lim, S. I.

AU - MacHida, S.

AU - Martens, K.

AU - Martineau, J.

AU - Matsuda, T.

AU - Matsuura, T.

AU - Matsuyama, T.

AU - Myers, I.

AU - Minamino, M.

AU - Miyata, K.

AU - Miyauchi, H.

AU - Murano, Y.

AU - Nakamura, T.

AU - Nam, S. W.

AU - Ohnishi, M.

AU - Ohoka, H.

AU - Oki, K.

AU - Oku, D.

AU - Oshima, A.

AU - Park, I. H.

AU - Pshirkov, M. S.

AU - Rodriguez, D.

AU - Roh, S. Y.

AU - Rubtsov, G.

AU - Ryu, D.

AU - Sampson, A. L.

AU - Scott, L. M.

AU - Shah, P. D.

AU - Shibata, F.

AU - Shimodaira, H.

AU - Shin, B. K.

AU - Shin, J. I.

AU - Shirahama, T.

AU - Smith, J. D.

AU - Sokolsky, P.

AU - Sonley, T. J.

AU - Springer, R. W.

AU - Stokes, B. T.

AU - Stratton, S. R.

AU - Stroman, T.

AU - Suzuki, S.

AU - Takahashi, Y.

AU - Takita, M.

AU - Tanaka, H.

AU - Tanaka, K.

AU - Tanaka, M.

AU - Thomson, G. B.

AU - Tinyakov, P.

AU - Tkachev, I.

AU - Troitsky, S.

AU - Tsutsumi, K.

AU - Tsuyuguchi, Y.

AU - Uchihori, Y.

AU - Ukai, H.

AU - Vasiloff, G.

AU - Wada, Y.

AU - Wong, T.

AU - Wood, M.

AU - Yamakawa, Y.

AU - Yamaoka, H.

AU - Yamazaki, K.

AU - Yang, J.

AU - Yoshida, S.

AU - Yoshii, H.

AU - Zollinger, R.

AU - Zundel, Z.

PY - 2012/6/1

Y1 - 2012/6/1

N2 - Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.

AB - Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.

KW - Air fluorescence light detectors

KW - Extensive air showers

KW - Ultra high energy cosmic rays

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84862777537&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84862777537&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.044

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84862777537

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 676

SP - 54

EP - 65

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

ER -

New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment

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Keywords

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