Preparation and Application of a Chemical Probe for Identifying the Targets of the Marine Cyclic Peptide Kapakahine A

Marine organisms are a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites. Although many marine natural products with bioactivities have been isolated, successful elucidation of their mechanisms of action remains limited. In this study, we prepared a probe molecule based on the marine cyclic peptide kapakahine A (1) by introducing a linker with an azide terminal group, which enables the introduction of fluorescent groups for the effective monitoring of subcellular localization, or coupling to affinity beads for the pull-down of target proteins. The results of LC/MS/MS measure-ments, ProteinPilot analysis, and Western blotting suggest that kapakahine A interacts with the mi-tochondrial inner membrane proteins PHB1, PHB2, and ANT2, which is consistent with the results of the subcellular localization analysis using a fluorescent probe.