Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events

J. R. Ren; A. X. Huo; S. L. Lu; S. Su; C. R. Wang; N. J. Zhang; P. Y. Cao; B. T. Zou; J. Y. Li; S. Z. Wang; G. Z. Bai; Z. H. Liu; G. J. Li; Q. X. Geng; W. D. Zhou; R. D. He; M. Amenomori; H. Nanjo; N. Hotta; I. Ohta; K. Mizutani; K. Kasahara; T. Yuda; M. Shibata; T. Shirai; N. Tateyama; Shoji Torii; H. Sugimoto; K. Taira

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426

Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events

J. R. Ren^*, A. X. Huo, S. L. Lu, S. Su, C. R. Wang, N. J. Zhang, P. Y. Cao, B. T. Zou, J. Y. Li, S. Z. Wang, G. Z. Bai, Z. H. Liu, G. J. Li, Q. X. Geng, W. D. Zhou, R. D. He, M. Amenomori, H. Nanjo, N. Hotta, I. OhtaK. Mizutani, K. Kasahara, T. Yuda, M. Shibata, T. Shirai, N. Tateyama, Shoji Torii, H. Sugimoto, K. Taira

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The primary-cosmic-ray proton flux >1015 eV is derived through analyses on superhigh-energy halo events observed by the Mt. Fuji and Mt. Kanbala emulsion-chamber experiments. Interpretations are made for the origin of halo events based on Monte Carlo simulation, which clarifies the sensitivity of the halo events to the primary-composition and nuclear-interaction models. It is shown that the intensity of the halo events is most sensitive to the primary proton flux and the feature of the fragmentation region of the multiple production. The proton flux >1015 eV is estimated as nearly 3 times less than the extrapolated low-energy measurement by Ryan et al. suggesting the heavy-nuclei dominance above the knee energy of the total spectrum.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1426-1432
Number of pages	7
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	38
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426
Publication status	Published - 1988
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426

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Ren, J. R., Huo, A. X., Lu, S. L., Su, S., Wang, C. R., Zhang, N. J., Cao, P. Y., Zou, B. T., Li, J. Y., Wang, S. Z., Bai, G. Z., Liu, Z. H., Li, G. J., Geng, Q. X., Zhou, W. D., He, R. D., Amenomori, M., Nanjo, H., Hotta, N., ... Taira, K. (1988). Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events. Physical Review D, 38(5), 1426-1432. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426

Ren, JR, Huo, AX, Lu, SL, Su, S, Wang, CR, Zhang, NJ, Cao, PY, Zou, BT, Li, JY, Wang, SZ, Bai, GZ, Liu, ZH, Li, GJ, Geng, QX, Zhou, WD, He, RD, Amenomori, M, Nanjo, H, Hotta, N, Ohta, I, Mizutani, K, Kasahara, K, Yuda, T, Shibata, M, Shirai, T, Tateyama, N, Torii, S, Sugimoto, H & Taira, K 1988, 'Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events', Physical Review D, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1426-1432. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426

@article{ccf9ccccb77e4a2ebd76b983d776cc9a,

title = "Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events",

abstract = "The primary-cosmic-ray proton flux >1015 eV is derived through analyses on superhigh-energy halo events observed by the Mt. Fuji and Mt. Kanbala emulsion-chamber experiments. Interpretations are made for the origin of halo events based on Monte Carlo simulation, which clarifies the sensitivity of the halo events to the primary-composition and nuclear-interaction models. It is shown that the intensity of the halo events is most sensitive to the primary proton flux and the feature of the fragmentation region of the multiple production. The proton flux >1015 eV is estimated as nearly 3 times less than the extrapolated low-energy measurement by Ryan et al. suggesting the heavy-nuclei dominance above the knee energy of the total spectrum.",

author = "Ren, {J. R.} and Huo, {A. X.} and Lu, {S. L.} and S. Su and Wang, {C. R.} and Zhang, {N. J.} and Cao, {P. Y.} and Zou, {B. T.} and Li, {J. Y.} and Wang, {S. Z.} and Bai, {G. Z.} and Liu, {Z. H.} and Li, {G. J.} and Geng, {Q. X.} and Zhou, {W. D.} and He, {R. D.} and M. Amenomori and H. Nanjo and N. Hotta and I. Ohta and K. Mizutani and K. Kasahara and T. Yuda and M. Shibata and T. Shirai and N. Tateyama and Shoji Torii and H. Sugimoto and K. Taira",

year = "1988",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426",

language = "English",

volume = "38",

pages = "1426--1432",

journal = "Physical Review D",

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T1 - Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events

AU - Ren, J. R.

AU - Huo, A. X.

AU - Lu, S. L.

AU - Su, S.

AU - Wang, C. R.

AU - Zhang, N. J.

AU - Cao, P. Y.

AU - Zou, B. T.

AU - Li, J. Y.

AU - Wang, S. Z.

AU - Bai, G. Z.

AU - Liu, Z. H.

AU - Li, G. J.

AU - Geng, Q. X.

AU - Zhou, W. D.

AU - He, R. D.

AU - Amenomori, M.

AU - Nanjo, H.

AU - Hotta, N.

AU - Ohta, I.

AU - Mizutani, K.

AU - Kasahara, K.

AU - Yuda, T.

AU - Shibata, M.

AU - Shirai, T.

AU - Tateyama, N.

AU - Torii, Shoji

AU - Sugimoto, H.

AU - Taira, K.

PY - 1988

Y1 - 1988

N2 - The primary-cosmic-ray proton flux >1015 eV is derived through analyses on superhigh-energy halo events observed by the Mt. Fuji and Mt. Kanbala emulsion-chamber experiments. Interpretations are made for the origin of halo events based on Monte Carlo simulation, which clarifies the sensitivity of the halo events to the primary-composition and nuclear-interaction models. It is shown that the intensity of the halo events is most sensitive to the primary proton flux and the feature of the fragmentation region of the multiple production. The proton flux >1015 eV is estimated as nearly 3 times less than the extrapolated low-energy measurement by Ryan et al. suggesting the heavy-nuclei dominance above the knee energy of the total spectrum.

AB - The primary-cosmic-ray proton flux >1015 eV is derived through analyses on superhigh-energy halo events observed by the Mt. Fuji and Mt. Kanbala emulsion-chamber experiments. Interpretations are made for the origin of halo events based on Monte Carlo simulation, which clarifies the sensitivity of the halo events to the primary-composition and nuclear-interaction models. It is shown that the intensity of the halo events is most sensitive to the primary proton flux and the feature of the fragmentation region of the multiple production. The proton flux >1015 eV is estimated as nearly 3 times less than the extrapolated low-energy measurement by Ryan et al. suggesting the heavy-nuclei dominance above the knee energy of the total spectrum.

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DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.38.1426

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SN - 0556-2821

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SP - 1426

EP - 1432

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 5

ER -

Primary-cosmic-ray protons above 1015 eV derived from the observation of superhigh-energy halo events

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