Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

J. Huang; N. Hotta; K. Kasahara; I. Ohta; Shunsuke Ozawa; T. Saito; M. Shibata; X. W. Xu; T. Yuda

doi:10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00182-2

Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

J. Huang^*, N. Hotta, K. Kasahara, I. Ohta, Shunsuke Ozawa, T. Saito, M. Shibata, X. W. Xu, T. Yuda

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at 2 × 10¹⁵ eV is (5.5 ± 1:5) × 10^-14 (m^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 GeV^-1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	637-648
Number of pages	12
Journal	Astroparticle Physics
Volume	18
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00182-2
Publication status	Published - 2003 Mar
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Cosmic ray
Emulsion chamber
Gamma-family
Knee region
Monte Carlo simulation
Neural network
Proton

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00182-2

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title = "Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala",

abstract = "We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at 2 × 1015 eV is (5.5 ± 1:5) × 10-14 (m-2 s-1 sr-1 GeV-1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region.",

keywords = "Cosmic ray, Emulsion chamber, Gamma-family, Knee region, Monte Carlo simulation, Neural network, Proton",

author = "J. Huang and N. Hotta and K. Kasahara and I. Ohta and Shunsuke Ozawa and T. Saito and M. Shibata and Xu, {X. W.} and T. Yuda",

year = "2003",

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doi = "10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00182-2",

language = "English",

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pages = "637--648",

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T1 - Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

AU - Huang, J.

AU - Hotta, N.

AU - Kasahara, K.

AU - Ohta, I.

AU - Ozawa, Shunsuke

AU - Saito, T.

AU - Shibata, M.

AU - Xu, X. W.

AU - Yuda, T.

PY - 2003/3

Y1 - 2003/3

N2 - We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at 2 × 1015 eV is (5.5 ± 1:5) × 10-14 (m-2 s-1 sr-1 GeV-1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region.

AB - We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at 2 × 1015 eV is (5.5 ± 1:5) × 10-14 (m-2 s-1 sr-1 GeV-1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region.

KW - Cosmic ray

KW - Emulsion chamber

KW - Gamma-family

KW - Knee region

KW - Monte Carlo simulation

KW - Neural network

KW - Proton

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DO - 10.1016/S0927-6505(02)00182-2

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SN - 0927-6505

VL - 18

SP - 637

EP - 648

JO - Astroparticle Physics

JF - Astroparticle Physics

IS - 6

ER -

Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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