TY - JOUR
T1 - Sedimentation history of the Paleoproterozoic Singhbhum Group of rocks, eastern India and its implications
AU - De, Shuvabrata
AU - Mallik, Leena
AU - Mazumder, Rajat
AU - Chatterjee, Priyanka
AU - Ohta, Tohru
AU - Saito, Satoshi
AU - Chiarenzelli, Jeff
N1 - Funding Information:
SD and LM are grateful to the Department of Science and Technology and University Grants Commission, Government of India (Grant No. SR/SR/ES-301/2007 ) for financial support in form of Research Fellowship. This review is largely based on their Ph.D dissertation. SD is grateful to the Earth and Environmental Sciences department, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal for infrastructural support and a post doctoral fellowship that enabled him to complete this work. RM is grateful to the Faculty of Engineering and Science (FOES), Curtin University Sarawak for infrastructural support and to the Dean, FOES for sponsoring a field trip in India in December 2015. Prof. Ernst Hegner kindly conducted Sm-Nd isotopic studies of a few Dhalbhum rock samples. The authors are grateful to all four anonymous reviewers, P.G. Eriksson and the editor, Susan Marriott for their critical but constructive comments. The paper is dedicated to Late Professors K. Naha and S.K. Ghosh for their pioneering work on the structure, metamorphism and sedimentational aspects of the Singhbhum Group of rocks.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - This paper reviews the sedimentological, geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of the Paleoproterozoic Chaibasa and Dhalbhum Formations (the Singhbhum Group) of eastern India and presents a comparative study with other Paleoproterozoic lithostratigraphic units of India. Both the formations are entirely siliciclastic and deformed and metamorphosed, generally at greenschist to upper amphibolite facies. The older Chaibasa Formation consists of sandstone, shale and sandstone-shale interbanded (heterolithic) facies. It conformably overlies the Late Archean-Paleoproterozoic Dhanjori Formation of terrestrial (alluvial fan-fluvial) origin. The Lower Chaibasa Member formed in a marine setting; the shale and heterolithic facies formed in a continental shelf setting below and above the storm wave base, respectively. The sandstone facies formed in a subtidal setting during sea level fall. In contrast, the Upper Chaibasa Member formed in a shallow-marine setting; both the shale and heterolithic facies formed above the storm wave base. In significant contrast, the overlying Dhalbhum Formation is dominated by finer clastics with much lower proportion of sandstones. The base of the terrestrial Dhalbhum Formation is a sequence boundary (unconformity). Sedimentary facies analysis clearly shows two broad facies association of terrestrial origin (fluvial and aeolian). The aeolian facies association overlies the fluvial facies association. The Dhalbhum sandstones show typical REE pattern of quartz dilution with lower concentrations compared to the mudstones. The Dhalbhum finer clastics mimic typical REE patterns resembling abundances in the continental crust. Rare earth element plots display a good match with Post-Archean Australian Shales (PAAS) including similar concentrations, steep negative slope for LREEs, negative Eu anomaly, and nearly flat HREES. The Singhbhum Paleoproterozoic succession is devoid of both chemical sediments and Paleoproterozoic glacial deposits in contrast to neighboring cratons.
AB - This paper reviews the sedimentological, geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of the Paleoproterozoic Chaibasa and Dhalbhum Formations (the Singhbhum Group) of eastern India and presents a comparative study with other Paleoproterozoic lithostratigraphic units of India. Both the formations are entirely siliciclastic and deformed and metamorphosed, generally at greenschist to upper amphibolite facies. The older Chaibasa Formation consists of sandstone, shale and sandstone-shale interbanded (heterolithic) facies. It conformably overlies the Late Archean-Paleoproterozoic Dhanjori Formation of terrestrial (alluvial fan-fluvial) origin. The Lower Chaibasa Member formed in a marine setting; the shale and heterolithic facies formed in a continental shelf setting below and above the storm wave base, respectively. The sandstone facies formed in a subtidal setting during sea level fall. In contrast, the Upper Chaibasa Member formed in a shallow-marine setting; both the shale and heterolithic facies formed above the storm wave base. In significant contrast, the overlying Dhalbhum Formation is dominated by finer clastics with much lower proportion of sandstones. The base of the terrestrial Dhalbhum Formation is a sequence boundary (unconformity). Sedimentary facies analysis clearly shows two broad facies association of terrestrial origin (fluvial and aeolian). The aeolian facies association overlies the fluvial facies association. The Dhalbhum sandstones show typical REE pattern of quartz dilution with lower concentrations compared to the mudstones. The Dhalbhum finer clastics mimic typical REE patterns resembling abundances in the continental crust. Rare earth element plots display a good match with Post-Archean Australian Shales (PAAS) including similar concentrations, steep negative slope for LREEs, negative Eu anomaly, and nearly flat HREES. The Singhbhum Paleoproterozoic succession is devoid of both chemical sediments and Paleoproterozoic glacial deposits in contrast to neighboring cratons.
KW - Archean-Proterozoic transition
KW - Chaibasa Formation
KW - Continental freeboard
KW - Dhalbhum Formation
KW - Paleoproterozoic
KW - Sediment geochemistry
KW - Sedimentology
KW - Singhbhum Group
KW - Stratigraphy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84994045592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84994045592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.001
DO - 10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.001
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84994045592
SN - 0012-8252
VL - 163
SP - 141
EP - 161
JO - Earth-Science Reviews
JF - Earth-Science Reviews
ER -
