TY - JOUR
T1 - The development of higher education in Japan and the United Kingdom
T2 - The impact of neoliberalism
AU - Brazzill, Marc
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper proposes a theory that (a) highlights the importance of the position of the middle class in electoral coalitions in determining the structure of higher education funding and student support pursued by governments; (b) argues that political neoliberalism and globalisation have led to governments emphasising the productive dimensions of higher education in order to compete in the global economy; and (c) expects neoliberal reforms to higher education to have negatively impacted the funding of higher education institutions leading to increasing tuition fees and subsequent higher demand for financial support for students. In order to assess the validity of this theory, the cases of the United Kingdom and Japan are explored in detail.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - There is a growing consensus in political science research that higher education systems are classifiable into stable distinct types that reflect dominant trends in government partisanship. There is also a large body of higher education research that argues that higher education systems are changing and converging upon a neoliberal type, which is not yet reflected in the political science literature. This paper seeks to reconcile these two positions by looking at both the development of higher education systems in the post-war period and subsequent systemic reforms that have been identified as neoliberal. There have been two main targets of reform: (a) the role the state plays in funding and targeting research, and (b) student finance regimes consisting of tuition fees and the system of financial aid. This paper provides an in-depth look at the cases of Japan and the United Kingdom, which developed into very different systems in the post-war period but have since shown slight convergence on the back of neoliberal reforms.
AB - There is a growing consensus in political science research that higher education systems are classifiable into stable distinct types that reflect dominant trends in government partisanship. There is also a large body of higher education research that argues that higher education systems are changing and converging upon a neoliberal type, which is not yet reflected in the political science literature. This paper seeks to reconcile these two positions by looking at both the development of higher education systems in the post-war period and subsequent systemic reforms that have been identified as neoliberal. There have been two main targets of reform: (a) the role the state plays in funding and targeting research, and (b) student finance regimes consisting of tuition fees and the system of financial aid. This paper provides an in-depth look at the cases of Japan and the United Kingdom, which developed into very different systems in the post-war period but have since shown slight convergence on the back of neoliberal reforms.
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U2 - 10.1111/hequ.12280
DO - 10.1111/hequ.12280
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85092582379
SN - 0951-5224
VL - 75
SP - 381
EP - 397
JO - Higher Education Quarterly
JF - Higher Education Quarterly
IS - 3
ER -