A Novel Real-Time Deterministic Scheduling Mechanism in Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems for Energy Internet

As an effective distributed renewable energy utilization paradigm, a microgrid is expected to realize the high integration of the industrial cyber-physical systems (CPS), which has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry. However, the real-time interaction and feedback loop between physical systems and cyber systems have posed severe challenges to the reliability, determinacy, and energy efficiency of the multiway flow of information and communication transmission. In order to solve the problem of slot scheduling and data transmission (SSDT) in the microgrid, a novel real-time deterministic scheduling (RTDS) scheme for industrial CPS is proposed in this article. First, the SSDT is formulated as a multiway flow scheduling problem, and it is theoretically proved that the SSDT problem is NP-hard. Then, the RTDS scheme designs two heuristic algorithms: scheduling request preprocessing and greedy-based multichannel time slot allocation for an optimal scheduling solution. Practical experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RTDS scheme has significant advantages in packet loss rate, deadline guarantee rate, and energy consumption compared with the traditional schemes, and thus, is more suitable for deployment in microgrid systems.