TY - JOUR
T1 - Age-related differences in frontal lobe function in children with ADHD
AU - Yasumura, Akira
AU - Omori, Mikimasa
AU - Fukuda, Ayako
AU - Takahashi, Junichi
AU - Yasumura, Yukiko
AU - Nakagawa, Eiji
AU - Koike, Toshihide
AU - Yamashita, Yushiro
AU - Miyajima, Tasuku
AU - Koeda, Tatsuya
AU - Aihara, Masao
AU - Inagaki, Masumi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the TMC Young Investigator Fellowship and an Intramural Research Grant (25-6; Clinical Research for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Innovations in Developmental Disorders) for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders of the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP); a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) from JSPS KAKENHI ( 15H05405 to Akira Yasumura), and a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research from JSPS KAKENHI ( 15K13167 to Akira Yasumura).
Funding Information:
We would like to thank the following people for their co-operation in collecting data: Dr. Shingo Oana, Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University; Dr. Yoshimi Kaga, Department of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi; Dr. Kotaro Yuge, Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Kurume University; Dr. Yoriko Okamoto, Graduate School of Regional Sciences, Tottori University; and Dr. Chikaho Naka, Department of Special Needs Education, Tokyo Gakugei University. Editorial support, in the form of medical writing based on authors’ detailed directions, collating author comments, copyediting, fact checking, and referencing, was provided by Cactus Communications. This work was supported in part by the TMC Young Investigator Fellowship and an Intramural Research Grant (25-6; Clinical Research for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Innovations in Developmental Disorders) for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders of the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP); a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) from JSPS KAKENHI (15H05405 to Akira Yasumura), and a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research from JSPS KAKENHI (15K13167 to Akira Yasumura). The authors declare no conflict of interest. The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - Background: The neural correlates of executive function disorders are thought to be predominantly localized within the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, no study to date has investigated changes in this system across different age groups in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, this study aimed to explore changes in PFC function in children with ADHD. Methods: Study participants included typically developing (TD) children (n = 140) and children with ADHD (n = 67) of primary school age. Behavioral executive functions and their neural basis were evaluated between the TD children and children with ADHD and also across different age periods (younger and older children). To examine executive function, inhibitory control was assessed using the reverse Stroop task, and PFC near-infrared spectroscopic measurements were used to investigate the neural mechanisms involved. Results: Both ADHD symptoms and the ability to inhibit color interference improved with age. Compared to TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated decreased activation of the right and middle PFC across all age groups. Interestingly, the left PFC appeared to play a compensatory role. Conclusion: Children with ADHD exhibited changes in PFC function that varied with age. Longitudinal studies are required to assess the potential of using PFC function as an early biomarker of ADHD.
AB - Background: The neural correlates of executive function disorders are thought to be predominantly localized within the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, no study to date has investigated changes in this system across different age groups in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, this study aimed to explore changes in PFC function in children with ADHD. Methods: Study participants included typically developing (TD) children (n = 140) and children with ADHD (n = 67) of primary school age. Behavioral executive functions and their neural basis were evaluated between the TD children and children with ADHD and also across different age periods (younger and older children). To examine executive function, inhibitory control was assessed using the reverse Stroop task, and PFC near-infrared spectroscopic measurements were used to investigate the neural mechanisms involved. Results: Both ADHD symptoms and the ability to inhibit color interference improved with age. Compared to TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated decreased activation of the right and middle PFC across all age groups. Interestingly, the left PFC appeared to play a compensatory role. Conclusion: Children with ADHD exhibited changes in PFC function that varied with age. Longitudinal studies are required to assess the potential of using PFC function as an early biomarker of ADHD.
KW - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
KW - Children with ADHD
KW - Frontal lobe function
KW - Inhibitory control
KW - Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
KW - Prefrontal cortex (PFC)
KW - Reverse Stroop task (RST)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.03.006
DO - 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.03.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 30952459
AN - SCOPUS:85063685167
SN - 0387-7604
VL - 41
SP - 577
EP - 586
JO - Brain and Development
JF - Brain and Development
IS - 7
ER -