TY - JOUR
T1 - Deterioration of stone materials in the Angkor monuments, Cambodia
AU - Uchida, E.
AU - Ogawa, Y.
AU - Maeda, N.
AU - Nakagawa, T.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the member of JSA for useful suggestions and encouragement during the course of investigations. This study was financially supported in part by the UNESCO/Japanese Trust Fund for the Preservation of the World Cultural Heritage.
Copyright:
Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.
PY - 2000/1
Y1 - 2000/1
N2 - The Angkor monuments in Cambodia are built mainly of sandstone and laterite. This paper mainly describes the deterioration of sandstone blocks. The sandstone in the monuments can be classified into three types based on the colour, texture, chemical composition and constituent mineral; grey to yellowish brown sandstone, red sandstone and greenish greywacke. The deterioration is distinct in grey to yellowish brown sandstone because of its low compressive strength, high porosity, well developed bedding, and constituent minerals susceptible to alteration such as feldspar and biotite. The main causes of deterioration identified are chemical weathering, efflorescence related to bat guano, and biodeterioration by the growth of trees, algae and lichens. An water supply is also indispensable for deterioration.
AB - The Angkor monuments in Cambodia are built mainly of sandstone and laterite. This paper mainly describes the deterioration of sandstone blocks. The sandstone in the monuments can be classified into three types based on the colour, texture, chemical composition and constituent mineral; grey to yellowish brown sandstone, red sandstone and greenish greywacke. The deterioration is distinct in grey to yellowish brown sandstone because of its low compressive strength, high porosity, well developed bedding, and constituent minerals susceptible to alteration such as feldspar and biotite. The main causes of deterioration identified are chemical weathering, efflorescence related to bat guano, and biodeterioration by the growth of trees, algae and lichens. An water supply is also indispensable for deterioration.
KW - Angkor monuments
KW - Deterioration
KW - Efflorescence
KW - P-wave propagation velocity
KW - Rebound value
KW - Sandstone
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034096629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034096629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00110-6
DO - 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00110-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0034096629
SN - 0013-7952
VL - 55
SP - 101
EP - 112
JO - Engineering Geology
JF - Engineering Geology
IS - 1-2
ER -