Development of low-background photomultiplier tubes for liquid xenon detectors

Engineering & Materials Science

• Photocathodes 100%
• Photomultipliers 87%
• Xenon 81%
• Radioactivity 54%
• Detectors 47%
• Liquids 40%
• Dark Matter 36%
• Particle interactions 28%
• Potassium 24%
• Photons 23%
• Leakage (fluid) 23%
• Contamination 19%
• Seals 19%
• Vacuum 17%
• Glass 16%
• Aluminum 15%
• Gases 11%
• Experiments 7%

Mathematics

• Detector 71%
• Tube 62%
• Liquid 58%
• Background 52%
• Timing 47%
• Dark Matter 36%
• Potassium 30%
• Aluminum 26%
• Leakage 26%
• Photon 25%
• Rare Events 25%
• Glass 24%
• Contamination 23%
• Standard Model 22%
• Vacuum 21%
• Gas 18%
• Decay 16%
• Experiment 15%
• Interaction 14%
• Performance 11%
• Model 6%

Physics & Astronomy

• photocathodes 68%
• photomultiplier tubes 65%
• xenon 61%
• radioactivity 44%
• acceptability 41%
• detectors 33%
• liquids 32%
• time measurement 32%
• particle interactions 22%
• potassium 20%
• grade 19%
• contamination 18%
• dark matter 17%
• leakage 16%
• aluminum 13%
• vacuum 12%
• glass 11%
• decay 11%
• photons 11%
• gases 10%
• performance 8%