@article{70cf24aa86b24b2dbe488ad571a60b97,
title = "Formation of Pd nanocluster seeds by electrochemical process for control of magnetic properties in Co/Pd multilayered film",
abstract = "Pd cluster seeds for a double-layered perpendicular magnetic recording medium composed of a Co/Pd multilayered film and a CoZrNb soft magnetic underlayer (SUL) were fabricated with an electrochemical treatment. By immersing the SUL into an aqueous PdCl2 solution, the substitution of Pd for Co at the surface of the SUL took place, which was caused by the difference in electrochemical redox potential between Pd and Co. Uniformly distributed Pd clusters with 8 nm in diameter were successfully formed with the treatment for the optimized duration. Use of the Pd clusters as the seeds for deposition of the Co/Pd multilayered film increased the perpendicular coercivity and reduced the size of magnetic cluster of the film. These results suggested that the Pd cluster seeds led to the formation of magnetically isolated Co/Pd multilayered grains, improving the magnetic properties of Co/Pd multilayered film.",
keywords = "Co/Pd multilayered film, Electrochemical treatment, Island structure, Pd cluster seeds",
author = "Jun Kawaji and Mutsumi Tanaka and Koji Kimura and Toru Asahi and Takayuki Homma and Tetsuya Osaka",
note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received October 16, 2003. This work was carried out at the “Center for Practical Nano-Chemistry” in the 21C-COE Programme, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT). This work was supported by grants-in-aid of the Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology, “Creation of Novel Magnetic Recording Materials Using Nano-Interface Technology,” and of the Center of Excellence Research on “Establishment of Molecular Nano-Engineering by Utilizing Nanostructure Arrays and Its Development into Micro-Systems” from MEXT, and that of the Storage Research Consortium (SRC), Japan.",
year = "2004",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1109/TMAG.2004.830405",
language = "English",
volume = "40",
pages = "2473--2475",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Magnetics",
issn = "0018-9464",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "4 II",
}