TY - JOUR
T1 - In-play optimal cooling for outdoor match-play tennis in the heat
AU - Naito, Takashi
AU - Nakamura, Mariko
AU - Muraishi, Koji
AU - Eda, Nobuhiko
AU - Ando, Karina
AU - Takemura, Ai
AU - Akazawa, Nobuhiko
AU - Hasegawa, Hiroshi
AU - Takahashi, Hideyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank all the participants for participation in this study. They also thank the staffs and head-coach in Japan tennis association, Takahiko Tajima and Toshihisa Tsuchihashi.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 European College of Sport Science.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of four cooling interventions used for reducing physiological and perceptual strain and improving exercise performance during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Eight competitive tennis players played four counter-balanced simulated outdoor matches in the heat (WBGT: 28.4–32.5°C) at 24- or 48-h intervals. Each match comprised 3 sets for which the “no-ad” rule was applied to limit duration variability. Players underwent the following cooling interventions: ad libitum fluid ingestion (CON), ad libitum fluid ingestion and ice vest (VEST), total ingestion of approximately 1000 g ice slurry and ice vest (Combined: BINE), or total ingestion of approximately 400 g ice slurry and ice vest (Low-combined: L-BINE). Gastrointestinal temperature was lower in the BINE and the L-BINE trials than in the CON trial at the set-break of set 1, and these differences in gastrointestinal temperature persisted throughout the remainder of the match (p < 0.05). The ratio of moderate-high intensity activity (≥10 km/h) in set 3 was significantly higher in the L-BINE trial than that in the BINE trial (p < 0.05). In the CON and BINE trials, high intensity activity was significantly lower in set 3 compared with set 1 and 2, respectively. Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Highlights Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Ingesting of large amounts ice slurry may be caused the bloating and stomach discomfort, in turn declined in the ratio of moderate-high intensity activity in the second half of match-play tennis in hot outdoor environments. Future studies should not only utilize match characteristics, but also measure on-court tennis specific performance.
AB - The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of four cooling interventions used for reducing physiological and perceptual strain and improving exercise performance during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Eight competitive tennis players played four counter-balanced simulated outdoor matches in the heat (WBGT: 28.4–32.5°C) at 24- or 48-h intervals. Each match comprised 3 sets for which the “no-ad” rule was applied to limit duration variability. Players underwent the following cooling interventions: ad libitum fluid ingestion (CON), ad libitum fluid ingestion and ice vest (VEST), total ingestion of approximately 1000 g ice slurry and ice vest (Combined: BINE), or total ingestion of approximately 400 g ice slurry and ice vest (Low-combined: L-BINE). Gastrointestinal temperature was lower in the BINE and the L-BINE trials than in the CON trial at the set-break of set 1, and these differences in gastrointestinal temperature persisted throughout the remainder of the match (p < 0.05). The ratio of moderate-high intensity activity (≥10 km/h) in set 3 was significantly higher in the L-BINE trial than that in the BINE trial (p < 0.05). In the CON and BINE trials, high intensity activity was significantly lower in set 3 compared with set 1 and 2, respectively. Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Highlights Cooling by optimal ice slurry ingestion and ice vest may be a more effective strategy in mitigating the development of heat strain during outdoor match-play tennis in the heat. Ingesting of large amounts ice slurry may be caused the bloating and stomach discomfort, in turn declined in the ratio of moderate-high intensity activity in the second half of match-play tennis in hot outdoor environments. Future studies should not only utilize match characteristics, but also measure on-court tennis specific performance.
KW - Ice vest
KW - body cooling strategy
KW - hot environments
KW - ice slurry
KW - on-court
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U2 - 10.1080/17461391.2020.1870160
DO - 10.1080/17461391.2020.1870160
M3 - Article
C2 - 33393422
AN - SCOPUS:85099549349
SN - 1746-1391
VL - 22
SP - 326
EP - 335
JO - European Journal of Sport Science
JF - European Journal of Sport Science
IS - 3
ER -