Infrastructure for language service composition

Although English has become the standard language in various areas, most people do not use it in local activities. To increase the mutual understanding of different cultures with different languages, it is essential to build a language infrastructure on top of the Internet that improves the accessibility and usability of existing online language services so that users can create new cross-language services for their communities. To realize this infrastructure, this paper proposes the language grid. The language grid consists of the "horizontal language grid," which connects the standard languages of nations, and "vertical language grid," which combines the language services generated by communities. This approach can facilitate intercultural collaboration through the Internet, such as international online collaborative learning.