Internal combustion engine technologies for automobiles toward reducing fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions

Internal combustion engines and fuel technologies trends toward reduction of both exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption are presented. The improvements of fuel consumption in gasoline engines will be achieved by the use of VVT (Variable Valve Train) system and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion regime. The flexible common-rail injection system combined with advanced supercharging system can favorably reduce exhaust gas emissions of diesel engines without fuel penalty. Moreover, the new flexible combustion system must be developed for future automobiles. These engine technologies will be combined with future renewable fuels including GTL and biomass fuels, which lead to the reduction of CO₂ emission drastically.