@article{935c86e5ce55486fa3670c4c3b997c75,
title = "Observation of WWW Production in pp Collisions at s =13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector",
abstract = "This Letter reports the observation of WWW production and a measurement of its cross section using 139 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events with two same-sign leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two jets, as well as events with three charged leptons, are selected. A multivariate technique is then used to discriminate between signal and background events. Events from WWW production are observed with a significance of 8.0 standard deviations, where the expectation is 5.4 standard deviations. The inclusive WWW production cross section is measured to be 820±100 (stat)±80 (syst) fb, approximately 2.6 standard deviations from the predicted cross section of 511±18 fb calculated at next-to-leading-order QCD and leading-order electroweak accuracy.",
author = "{The ATLAS Collaboration} and G. Aad and B. Abbott and Abbott, {D. C.} and {Abed Abud}, A. and K. Abeling and Abhayasinghe, {D. K.} and Abidi, {S. H.} and A. Aboulhorma and H. Abramowicz and H. Abreu and Y. Abulaiti and {Abusleme Hoffman}, {A. C.} and Acharya, {B. S.} and B. Achkar and L. Adam and {Adam Bourdarios}, C. and L. Adamczyk and L. Adamek and Addepalli, {S. V.} and J. Adelman and A. Adiguzel and S. Adorni and T. Adye and Affolder, {A. A.} and Y. Afik and C. Agapopoulou and Agaras, {M. N.} and J. Agarwala and A. Aggarwal and C. Agheorghiesei and Aguilar-Saavedra, {J. A.} and A. Ahmad and F. Ahmadov and Ahmed, {W. S.} and X. Ai and G. Aielli and I. Aizenberg and S. Akatsuka and M. Akbiyik and {\AA}kesson, {T. P.A.} and Akimov, {A. V.} and {Al Khoury}, K. and Alberghi, {G. L.} and J. Albert and T. Iizawa and T. Kaji and N. Kimura and T. Mitani and M. Morinaga and K. Yorita",
note = "Funding Information: We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; JINR; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZ{\v S}, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, USA. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d{\textquoteright}Avenir Labex, Investissements d{\textquoteright}Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; G{\"o}ran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 CERN.",
year = "2022",
month = aug,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.061803",
language = "English",
volume = "129",
journal = "Physical Review Letters",
issn = "0031-9007",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "6",
}