Phenomenological soot formation modeling

We report here a numerical and experimental study on particulate matter (PM) formation in fuel-rich HCCI combustion. In the experiments particulate emissions and particle size distributions obtained at various excess air ratios were measured, while in the simulations a phenomenological soot particle formation model based on sequential particle formation processes (including nucleation, surface reactions and coagulation) and a detailed chemistry precursor formation model were implemented in a multidimensional CFD code. Experimental data including particulate emissions, particle size distributions etc. were predicted reasonably well by the code, and the main processes that determine the mass and number density of the PM were identified.